Agoraphobia
Overview
Read about agoraphobia, a fear of being in situations where escape might be difficult or that help wouldn't be available if things go wrong.
Symptoms
Symptoms include intense fear when: using public transport; in open spaces; in enclosed spaces; in queues or crowds; leaving home alone. Physical symptoms: rapid heartbeat; sweating; nausea; chest pain; difficulty swallowing; trembling; dizziness; feeling of losing control.
Causes
Agoraphobia can develop as a complication ofpanic disorder, an anxiety disorder involving panic attacks and moments of intense fear. It can arise by associating panic attacks with the places or situations where they occurred and then avoiding them. Not all people with agoraphobia have a history of panic attacks. In these cases, their fear may be related to issues like a fear of crime, terrorism, illness or being in an accident. Read more about the possiblecauses of agoraphobia.
Treatment
Treatments: CBT to change negative thinking; exposure therapy; relaxation techniques; SSRIs or benzodiazepines; self-help strategies including guided exercises and apps.
Prevention
Cannot be fully prevented but early treatment of panic attacks may help. Stay connected with others, practice stress management, seek help early.
When to see a doctor
See GP if anxiety significantly affects your life - making you avoid places, causing relationship problems, or preventing work and socializing.