Bronchitis
Overview
Bronchitis is inflammation of the airways in the lungs that is usually caused by an infection. It often gets better without treatment in around 3 weeks.
Symptoms
Symptoms of bronchitis can be similar to a cold or flu. Symptoms include: a cough – you may cough up clear, white, yellow or green mucuschest pain when coughingshortness of breatha sore throata runny nosea high temperature
Causes
Usually caused by same viruses as colds/flu. Rarely bacteria. Spreads through droplets (coughing/sneezing) or touching contaminated surfaces. Chronic bronchitis linked to smoking, secondhand smoke, air pollution, workplace irritants.
Treatment
Bronchitis usually clears up without treatment in around 3 weeks. See a GP if your symptoms last longer than 3 weeks. You may needantibioticsif your bronchitis is caused by a bacterial infection.
Prevention
Wash hands regularly; cover mouth when coughing/sneezing; stop smoking; annual flu vaccination; pneumococcal vaccine for those at risk.
When to see a doctor
Call 999 if: severe breathing difficulty; severe chest pain; more drowsy/confused; blue lips/skin. Contact GP/NHS 111 if: cough 3+ weeks; coughing blood; symptoms worsening; high-risk groups (pregnant, over 65, weakened immune system).