Fibromyalgia
Overview
Fibromyalgia, also called fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS), is a long-term condition that causes pain all over the body.
Symptoms
As well as widespread pain, other symptoms of fibromyalgia include: increased sensitivity to painmuscle stiffnessdifficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep, which can make you feel very tired (fatigue)problems with mental processes (known as "fibro-fog"), such as difficulty concentrating or remembering thingsheadachesirritable bowel syndrome (IBS), a digestive condition that causes stomach pain and bloatingfeelings of frustration, worry or low mood The symptoms of fibromyalgia are changeable – for example, they can sometimes suddenly improve or get worse. See a GP if you think you have fibromyalgia. Treatment can ease some of the symptoms, although they're unlikely to disappear completely.
Causes
The exact cause of fibromyalgia is unknown, but it's thought to be related to abnormal levels of certain chemicals in the brain and changes in the way the central nervous system (the brain, spinal cord and nerves) processes pain messages carried around the body. It's also suggested that some people are more likely to develop fibromyalgia because of genes inherited from their parents. In many cases, the condition appears to be triggered by things that are physical or emotional like an injury, an infection or stress.
Treatment
Lifestyle: exercise (gradual); sleep hygiene; stress management. Therapies: CBT, ACT. Meds: antidepressants (duloxetine, amitriptyline); anti-seizure drugs (pregabalin). Painkillers often less effective.
Prevention
Manage stress; maintain healthy lifestyle; regular exercise; good sleep habits.
When to see a doctor
See GP for persistent widespread pain and fatigue. Diagnosis involves ruling out other conditions.