Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)

Overview

IBS (irritable bowel syndrome) is a common condition that affects the digestive system. It can cause stomach cramps, bloating and diarrhoea. It’s usually a lifelong condition but lifestyle changes and medicine can help.

Symptoms

Stomach pain/cramps (eased by pooing); bloating; diarrhea/constipation (or mixed). Symptoms fluctuate. Mucus in poo.

Causes

Gut-brain interaction issue; oversensitive gut nerves; stress; family history; food triggers. Not inflammatory bowel disease.

Treatment

Diet: cook fresh; regular meals; probiotics. Low FODMAP diet. Meds: buscopan (cramps); loperamide (diarrhea); laxatives.

Prevention

Keep food diary to find triggers (spicy/fatty/alcohol); reduce stress; exercise; oatmeal (for bloating).

When to see a doctor

See GP if: weight loss; bleeding; hard lump. Urgent: rapid change in bowel habit >6 weeks.